OUTSIDE:

> steeply pitched terracotta tiled roofs, usually with a gable end facing the street; early examples may be slate with terracotta embellishments

> extensive decorative embellishment, including terracotta ridge cappings, finials, dragons and gargoyles; fretted frieze panels and post brackets, turned verandah posts, chimney cornices and terracotta pots

> leadlight or rectangles of coloured glass to windows

> fretwork featuring patterns ranging from geometric to extravagant Art Nouveau designs

GARDEN:

> fences usually timber pickets, sometimes with fretted picket heads

> palms are popular and native trees begin to be incorporated

INSIDE:

> ceilings sometimes divided into panels ornamented with plaster straps and shallow patterns with Art Nouveau motifs

> fireplaces with ingle-nooks in very large houses

> elaborate wallpapers

> painted plaster walls with picture rails and sometimes wallpaper, pressed metal or timber

COLOUR & DESIGN NOTES:

> strong colours, textures and ornament applied fairly evenly over the whole building

> red brickwork with flush joints and tiled roofs

> gable ends rough cast or stucco, sometimes left natural grey or painted cream

> timber mouldings and battens to gable ends usually painted a dark colour

> other woodwork painted cream, brown or green

> brickwork rarely painted, red oxide used in association with tuck-pointing

HISTORY:

> post-Depression domestic architecture is less ornate than Late Victorian

> Art Nouveau style of decoration becomes popular

> preference for natural building materials like red brick and timber

> Marseilles tiles, initially imported from France, become the typical material for roofs

> by 1890 cable trams extend from city centre to emerging suburbs

> Federation inspires a search for an identifiably Australian architectural style